Wolfbane Cybernetic computer package for astronomical photometry etc

Licensed copyright Digital/Compaq VAX/VMS / OpenVMS / Microsoft/Compaq Win-32 multi-platform version

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Contents List

Introduction
New during 1994-1996
New during 1997-1999
New during 2000
New during 2001-2005
New during 2006-2010
New during 2011-2013
Global logical names
Commands
Files
Variables
FORTRAN-callable routines
Plotting routines
Character sets and fonts
Function keys
Notes concerning character strings
Programming
Brief instructions

Introduction

Users are encouraged to work within their personal directory trees below the [GALAXY] (GX:) top directory wherever possible, to avoid mid-air collisions. There are special provisions for file editing, program compilation-and-linking, graphics, printing, batch jobs, subprocesses etc with many easy-to-use commands, together with convenient logical names for 'common' directories.

Most GALAXY commands activate (FORTRAN-90/95) .EXE programs or (DCL) .COM command files. For portability, there has been a policy of replacing command files with programs wherever possible. A large library of callable file, data, graphics and event-handling routines has evolved which interacts with the jobspace 'GALAXY environment'. Most of the software, including the library and graphics, will now also run in the Microsoft Win-32 system.

It is recommended that new programs are made as self-contained as possible, so that they can be run by a simple command word (followed by parameters if necessary). The parameters are a space-delimited free-format list ordered by position, a dot character denoting 'null'.

New during 1994-1996

AMAG
ADMAG
BUCKET
BUCKET2
CB
CICD
CL
CR
CTAG
DBURGER
DELLOG
DELSYM
DLASER
DMAG
EBURGER
EH
EL
ELASER
FMAG
GETFOR
GETLOG
GETSYM
HETERO
HUY
ICD
IHDEC
IP
IV
JW (LASER) - PostScript
KCFIND
KU
KW
LF
LV
MAUL
MINDEX
MONDEX
N3
OUTMUBH
PH
POINT
RKH
SAPPHO
SETLOG
SETSYM
TBRAIN
W208

The default for plotting is now 'no filename', i.e. it is no longer necessary to put dots after a LASER-type command etc.

New during 1997-1999

CH
COOKIE
CQI
DATEX8
DATIMEX
FINALE parameter 7
GETCGI
GETDIR
GETDVI
GETJPI
GETMUB
GETMUBH
IDATEX8
KBCOMP
KRAKEN
PM
POLICE parameter 3
QC
QCR
QT
SD
SECNDX
SETDIR
SG
SJ
TE
TIMEX
TRANSC
TVA
TVD
VE
W72
XBEEP
XBEEP2
XFUZ
\@ separator

New during 2000

AC

ASP

BALDEN2

CDATE8

CDL

CDGL

CFL

CFL2

CGL

CGR

CIL

COSGR

COSGRI

CREV

DEARCH

DEFILE

DEFORM

DEHTML

FBURGER

FLASER

GBURGER

GLASER

GRIP2

HBURGER

HLASER

HTML

INTEL

JO

KCFINDS

LEMON

LOCATE

LOS

LR

LSPAWN

NOWIND

OOC

OS

OSI

OSR

OSRI

OUTWEB

REMOVE

REPLACE

RGB

RGBFILL

ROTCHA

ROT13

RUA

TVSTAR

UNHTML

UPSET

WINDOW

XDEATH3

XLL

XOS

YLL

YOS

YW

New during 2001-2005

COFMAP
DBX
DBX2
DESPAM
FUJDTM
GETDTM
KH
LDTMAP
LDTMAP2
LDTMOS
LDTMOS2
LPO
LPOSTC
MF
POSTCO
TXPATH

New during 2006-2010

AD
ILASER
LDISKE
RANDIE

New during 2011-2013

HCP

PMM

RB

Global logical names

Name	Description	Default file type
AK:	PERSON:'s directory [.ARCHIVE]	.DAT
DK:	PERSON:'s directory [.DISK] holding files from tape	.DAT
FF:	PERSON:'s directory [.FERRARI] holding programs	.FOR
GX:	common-user directory	.DAT
HB:	vital stuff not to be trashed!	.DAT
KK:	more vital stuff not to be trashed!	.DAT
MM:	yet more vital stuff not to be trashed!	.COM
OMF:	PERSON:'s object-module library
PERSON:	user's 'home' directory	.DAT
QB:	interchangeable/scratch disk
RX:	shared RAL-Oxford directory	.TXT
SB:	fixed disk
VB:	current disk
ZW:	scratch directory	.DAT

Directory names have the form disk$PERSON$subdirectory, thus:

interchangeable disk:[GALAXY.AB.ARCHIVE]

QB$AB$AK: from anywhere;
AB$AK: from interchangeable disk;
AK: from AB: on interchangeable disk;

fixed disk:[GALAXY.JG.DISK]

SB$JG$DK: from anywhere;
JG$DK: from fixed disk;
DK: from JG: on fixed disk.

Commands (parameters in brackets are optional; use dots (.) to signify intermediate ones omitted)

AAAARK in-clamp out-clamp (a-data) (output) (IZ) (XX) (YY) (TH)

rationalises clamp file.

AAARGH

temporarily unavailable.

AB (type) (name)

selects Adair Butchins.

ABURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

AC (type) (name)

selects Anthea Craven.

ACB (type) (name)

selects Andrew Bushell.

ACE (type) (name)

selects Alan Edwards.

AD (type) (name)

selects Antonella Delmestri.

AJP (type) (name)

selects Andy Pixton.

AK (type) (name)

selects directory AK:

ALASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

ANNA (type) (name)

selects Anna Peto.

ASP (type) (name)

selects Andy Pickersgill.

ATV

temporarily unavailable.

AZRAEL in-clamp video (out-clamp) (output) (SG) (AL) (RW)

forms composite stellar profiles (optionally filtering images first).

BAARGH (grid/*) (skull) (LX) (LY) (NX) (NY)

as AAARGH; but for display B.

BACKUP deck-no. action (tape block size)

initialises and mounts tape is action is INIT; mounts tape if action is START; backs up all GALAXY software if action is ALL; otherwise copies file named in second parameter.

BAIRDE in-video/in-file out-file/out-video (reverse)

produces externally-readable ASCII file of plotting instructions or, if third parameter given, reverses the procedure.

BBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on second alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

BEEP (INO)

returns 'bell' character (INO times).

BEULAH clamp b-data video (output)

plots comparison with standard aperture magnitudes.

BLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on second alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

BLONDE g-data (output) (NX) (NY) (KX) (KY)

prints representation of two-dimensional polynomial.

BOOSTE file (delta-time)

alters file expiry date (default delta-time is 3 days).

BOXXER clamp (output) (out-file)

analyses grouped properties of stellar images (out-file is for further analysis).

BRAINE (parameter)

shows proportion of c.p.u. time used (total if parameter absent, or else since previous call; 0 to reset without message).

BTV

temporarily unavailable.

BULB

temporarily unavailable.

BUNG (working-set)

selects appropriate working-set limit (or other if requested).

BURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

CA (type) (name)

selects Christopher Allason.

CAESAR

temporarily unavailable.

CB (type) (name)

selects Caroline Baker.

CBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on third alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

CH (type) (name)

selects Carolyn Hicks.

CHERYL in-grid (video) (y-data) (out-grid) (NX) (NY)

plots Y-dependence of sky background in density grid, optionally creating new grid after subtraction of slopes interpolated between values of specified rows.

CHESSS in-grid out-grids

cuts grid into chain of pieces suitable for GENIUS or PURPLE.

CHROMA glory video (BS) (FS) (DM) (B0) (B1) (lines)

plots colour-magnitude diagram (for 'sequence lines', give 8th parameter).

CJB (type) (name)

selects Christopher Bond.

CKY (type) (name)

selects Christopher Young.

CLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on third alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

COFMAP (in-file / mnemonic) (video) (coverage) (grids)

draws map of UK and ROI, optionally showing TV transmitters, TV reception or terrain heights. Mnemonic: A1: BBC/ITC analogue transmitters; A2: C5/RSL analogue transmitters; D: UK DTT transmitters; M: UK 405-line transmitters; AE: ROI analogue transmitters; P: predictor hits; H: 50-m resolution terrain; H2: 500-m resolution terrain. Coverage: 1: "free space"; 2: 50-m terrain; 3: 500-m terrain. Grids: 1 to show UK and Irish Ordnance Survey grids.

CONVERT in-file out-file (LK)

converts files between DEC, IBM and 'backslash' character formats.

COOKIE

shows a 'cookie fortune' (equivalent to <F17>).

COSMOS deck-no. out-file (continue)

reads COSMOS tape (give second parameter if tape already mounted).

CR (type) (name)

selects Carol Redmond.

CYBELE in-grid (c-data) (output) (g-data/u-data out) (video)

analyses calibration spots and/or wedges and/or sky density or intensity distributions (latter assumed if c-data omitted).

CYBORG w-data u-data f-data (LC)

assembles (log I : D) pairs into f-data.

DA (directory)

lists directory with true space allocations.

DADA name

renames process.

DBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on fourth alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

DC (type) (name)

selects Deborah Chadbon.

DEFORM in-file (out-file)

converts formatted print file to plain text.

DEHTML in-file (out-file)

converts HTML file to plain text.

DESPAM in-file (out-file)

encodes E-mail addresses in HTML document.

DI (type) (cycle period)

runs system display program: default type T (TOPCPU, cycle period 2 sec); type P is PROCESS (default cycle period 10 sec).

DISMJC in-grid out-grid (NX) (NY) (KX) (KY)

decodes grid from Pence compressed format.

DK (type) (name)

selects directory DK:

DLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on fourth alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

DON (type) (name)

selects Don Sinclair.

DURHAM

selects Durham VAX.

EBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on fifth alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

EC (type) (name)

selects Elly Castellano.

EEK (channel-no./logical-name)

deassigns I/O channel or logical name; or all I/O channels if no parameter given.

EG (type) (name)

selects Elizabeth MacKinnon.

EH (type) (name)

selects Emma Hall.

EL (type) (name)

selects Ernest Lau.

ELASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on fifth alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

EROICA

temporarily unavailable.

EUREKA

temporarily unavailable.

EYELET clamp output video (DA)

forms synthetic aperture magnitudes.

FAAARN in-grid out-grid (THN) (DX) (DY)

rotates intensity grid.

FAX (subject)

information (for lineprinter listing, subject is LINEPRINTER).

FBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on sixth alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

FF (type) (name)

selects directory FF:

FFLUFF clamp out-file

produces externally-readable ASCII file of image data.

FFROME form-data video (mode

) formats text for laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless specified as H.

FINALE glory (output) (XK) (YK) (AF) (TH) (all)

produces 'camera-ready' table of cluster photometry (include stars and unknown image types if seventh parameter present).

FLAASH f-data/skull video (output) (MG) (K1) (K2)

fits characteristic curves (D : log I), one-dimensional polynomials Y(X) or 'linear' template star profiles.

FLAB program (output)

tabulates labels used in FORTRAN program.

FLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on sixth alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

FOREST

interactive evaluator for logrank analyses.

FRIGHT in-grids out-grids NF (NJ)

selects frames from chain produced by CHESSS.

FUDGER in-clamp dogfeed out-clamp

modifies selected images in clamp.

FUJDTM action (filename)

imports or exports terrain data. Action: 0: import 50-m foreign files; 1: build 500-m from previously-imported 50-m; 2: export 500-m in ASCII; 3: import 500-m in ASCII; 4: import alternative 500-m foreign file.

FUZ (file) channel-no./logical-name (>symbol) (option) (symbol-prefix)

attaches file to I/O channel, or to logical name, taking its name from >symbol (after asking whether OK) unless penultimate parameter is given.

GAGOOL in-grid g-data out-grid (output) (not-divide)

translates density grid into intensities, sky-dividing unless fifth parameter present.

GBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on seventh alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

GENIUS in-grid skull video (output) (clamp) (L1) (L2)

produces contour map of intensity grid.

GETDTM (CGR)

interactive spot height generator for Ordnance Survey grid references CGR: give X as first CGR to select 500-m resolution, otherwise 50-m.

GIBBON

temporarily unavailable.

GLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on seventh alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

GM (type) (name)

selects George Marshall.

GR (type) (name)

selects Gillian Reeves.

GRIM

temporarily unavailable.

GRIP file

sets file protection to maximum security.

GRIP2 file

sets file protection to prevent deletion.

GROSS "string"

returns VT-style banner string to output stream.

GROVEL (NX) (NY) (new-grid)

checks integrity of grid (intensity unless NX and NY given, in which case density), optionally producing corrected grid.

GX (type) (disk)

selects common-user context (optionally on another disk).

HB (type) (name)

selects directory HB:

HBURGER file (format) (no. copies/fate) (title, or # for filename)

lists file on eighth alternative laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst margin); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal; X: duplex; Z: don't print; include KILL in fate to delete file afterwards.

HCP (type) (name)

selects Hongchao Pan.

HEROIN clamp/glory video (output) (ZZ) (BS) (FS) (RH) (AF) (minimum KN)

analyses radial dependence of cluster ellipticity.

HETERO

interactive evaluator for chi-squared tests.

HH (type) (name)

selects Helen Handoll.

HLASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on eighth alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

HOLD (time)

keeps session alive (default cycle time is 00:01:00.00 = 1 min).

HORROR grid video (H0) (H1) (NX) (NY)

forms histogram of picture element values (intensity unless NX and NY given, in which case density).

HOWZAT (output) (all) (statistics-file)

tabulates usage statistics (give second parameter for raw data).

runs HP-41 calculator simulator.

HTV video . . (title, or # for filename)

plots magnified picture on graphics terminal (use TV for normal size).

HUY (type) (name)

selects Huy Duong.

ICD

interactive ICD-code evaluator.

II (type) (name)

selects Iain Inglis.

ILASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on ninth alternative laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

INTAPE (deck-no.) (type)

reads alien tape (ASCII unless type is PDS, FITS, EBCDIC or ICL 1900).

JACKAL

temporarily unavailable.

JARAMA in-grid out-grid (LLL/skull)

smoothes or convolves intensity grid.

JAW (type) (name)

selects John Woods.

JB (type) (name)

selects Jill Boreham.

JG (type) (name)

selects Jon Godwin.

JH (type) (name)

selects Jim Halsey.

JNR (type) (name)

selects Jeremy Ryan.

JO (type) (name)

selects Jonathan Oulds.

JUNGLE in-1-grid/AAA CJ in-2-grid/BBB out-grid

combines or performs arithmetic on intensity grids.

KD (type) (name)

selects Keith Dixon.

KH (type) (name)

selects Kim Hawkins.

KILL (first) (second)

terminates session (after allowing subprocesses to finish unless first parameter is N and giving statistics, if available, unless second is N).

KK (type) (name)

selects directory KK:

KOLORE blue-clamp red-clamp blue-skull red-skull out-glory (video) (output) (KN0) (KN1) (R0) (R1) (BS) (FS) (B0) (B1) (lines)

forms glory file and plots image colours (for 'sequence lines', give 16th parameter).

KRAKEN (combination of known letters and dashes to represent unknowns)

interactive crossword cracker.

KRUNCH in-grid skull XC YC (output) (video) (RV) (RW) (out-file)

performs radial integration of an image (out-file is for further analysis).

KRYPTO in-file out-file KC

encrypts or deciphers text: KC is a large number, negative to decipher.

KW (type) (name)

selects Keith Wheatley.

LABELS address-file JLP video (JLN) (fone) (character-set) (filter)

constructs laser-printing labels (type JLP, negative for test print); JLN times first address if non-zero; plus fone numbers if fone not blank). Character-set default is 7; negative to 'squeeze'; filter: positive: 'only'; negative: 'all but'.

LARA (LA) (KC)

displays series of random digits (LA: -1: line; 0: screen; >0: number of 6-digit strings).

LASER video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

LAUNCH command(-file) (parameter(s))

submits background process under SKYHOOK facility.

LEMON 0/1

translates graphical lookup tables (0: VENDA.DAT to LEMON.BIN; 1: VENDA.BIN to LEMON.DAT).

LILITH (library)

updates glossary (or FAX library if parameter is X, or tape information if parameter is T).

LLLION in-grid skull clamp (output) (serial number) (NX) (NY) (KX) (KY)

analyses intensity grid into image data.

LOCATE

interactive UK and ROI gazetteer to find Ordnance Survey grid references.

LOCK

temporarily unavailable.

MANRAY skull(s)/g-data(s) video (output) (MR)

plots characteristic curve(s) or template star profile(s): files may be concatenated to form montage.

MARB command-file (output)

tabulates labels used in command file.

MARVIN in-grid out-grid (XT) (output) (dark-grid) (DD) (preflash-grid) (PF) (PT) (flatfield-grid)

processes UCL CCD frame.

MAUL person (message/file)

sends message.

MC (type) (name)

selects Mike Clarke.

MF (type) (name)

selects Margaret Forster.

MIRROR in-grid out-grid

L-R reverses intensity grid.

MM (type) (name)

selects directory MM:

MMC (type) (name)

selects Matthew Colless.

MRG (type) (name)

selects Martin Green.

NAGBAG

interactive evaluator for various distribution functions.

NEBULA out-grid LN NX/NY E (RE/AR/ES) (ES for LN=3)

generates synthetic image.

NM (type) (name)

selects Nigel Metcalfe.

temporarily unavailable.

OO program (directory) (package) (option)

compiles program (FORTRAN unless option is C), optionally putting compiled version into chosen directory; codes for packages: V for printer/TV graphics; codes for options: C for C; D for diagnostic package; N for non-optimising compiler.

OOC program (directory) (package)

equivalent to OO program (directory) (package) C

OOD program (directory) (package)

equivalent to OO program (directory) (package) D

OON program (directory) (package)

equivalent to OO program (directory) (package) N

OOV program (directory) (option)

equivalent to OO program (directory) V (option)

ORANGE symbol-archive

reconstructs graphical lookup tables.

ORGONE clamp video (UE)

plots central surface brightness against magnitude within isophote UE mag below central.

OUTMJC in-grid out-grid (NX) (NY)

encodes grid into Pence compressed format (give NX and NY if density grid).

OUTTAPE deck-no. file (output width in bytes) (type)

writes ASCII file onto externally-readable tape (in ASCII unless type is EBCDIC).

OXFORD

selects Oxford VAX.

PB (type) (name)

selects Pamela Bell.

PH (type) (name)

selects Pete Houston.

PM (type) (name)

selects Paul McGale.

PMM (type) (name)

selects Philip Morris.

POLICE clamp (output) (input)

gives information about selected images.

POSTCO (postcode)

interactive U.K. postcode-to-Ordnance Survey grid reference convertor.

hides next command from recall (equivalent to <F19>).

PURPLE in-grids skull (L1) (L2) (LLL/skull) (video name prefix) (clamp name prefix)

plots contour maps of chain of intensity grids, produced by CHESSS, smoothed or convolved if LLL or skull present as fifth parameter, on laser printer.

QA filename (edit-file)

EDT-edits and purges after success.

QAR filename (edit-file)

uses EDT editor in read-only mode to explore file.

temporarily unavailable.

QC filename (edit-file)

EVE-edits in PC terminal emulator mode and purges after success.

QCR filename (edit-file)

uses EVE editor in read-only PC terminal emulator mode to explore file.

QQ filename (edit-file)

EVE/EDT-edits and purges after success.

QQR filename (edit-file)

uses EVE/EDT editor in read-only mode to explore file.

QT (type) (name)

selects Q-TWiST Group.

QUAAAD in-grid out-grid (NX) (NY) (KX) (KY)

halves linear resolution of grid (intensity grid assumed if NX/NY absent or zero; otherwise, density grid).

RANDIE (in-file) (out-file)

randomises interior letters in words.

RATBAG grid (output) (XC) (YC) (NX)

lists picture element intensities in a small box.

REEFER

references manages reference database.

REGGAE in-grid out-grid (SL)

corrects vertical CCD striations.

REHASH in-grid out-file

creates Starlink image file.

RESCUE in-file out-grid (C1) (C0) (NX) (NY) (IW)

decodes Starlink image file.

RB (type) (name)

selects Rosie Bradley.

RF (type) (name)

selects Dick Fong.

RG (type) (name)

selects Richard Gray.

RKH (type) (name)

selects Robert Hills.

RMR (type) (name)

selects Ruth Ripley.

ROT13 (string)

interactive ROT-13 encoder/decoder.

ROXANA

temporarily unavailable.

RR command(-file) (parameter(s))

submits background job.

RRF command(-file) (parameter(s))

submits 'fast' background job.

RRL command(-file) (parameter(s))

submits 'long' background job.

RS command(-file) (parameter(s))

submits subprocess job.

RSE (type) (name)

selects Richard Ellis.

RUA (type) (name)

selects Rupert Alison.

RUMBLE process-number (priority)

alters priority of process (default is maximum; 0 kills it).

RUSTUM deck-no. out-grid NX NY (NQ)

reads Cambridge APM tape.

RX (type) (name)

selects directory RX:

SAPPHO library

updates run-time library (G: GIBBON; I: SQL (Ingres); Q: QUASAR; S: STUFFING; V: VIOLET).

temporarily unavailable.

SCHIZO in-grid out-grid KX KY (NX) (NY) (density)

extracts box from grid (intensity unless parameter present for density).

SD (type) (name)

selects Sarah Darby.

SELECT symbol (prefix)

asks for global symbol(s).

SJ (type) (name)

selects Sam James.

SKYHOOK (fate)

submits SKYHOOK process if fate is absent; otherwise, marks one to stop, optionally printing log file if fate is YES.

SM (type) (name)

selects Stephen Millington.

SMR (type) (name)

selects Sue Richards.

SMSG "string"

returns string to output stream.

SOHRAB deck-no.

reads Cambridge CCD tape.

SPLODE short-grid long-grid short-skull long-skull out-grid (S1) (S2) (MX) (MY)

stacks intensity grids.

SS (type) (name)

selects Simon Spenser.

ST (type) (name)

selects Samantha Thompson.

STAAAR clamp s-data skull video (output) (linear)

forms template star profile (mag per arcsec unless last parameter present, in which case 'linear' intensity per arcsec).

STELLA

temporarily unavailable.

STRIPE grid skull video XC YC PA (DW) (RW)

forms simulated strip scan of an image.

SUSSEX

selects R.G.O. VAX.

SVELTE g-data video (SKY) (fug-data)

plots characteristic curves.

SWITCH

temporarily unavailable.

TALK (destination) (message/file)

conversation. If no destination given, lists those available.

TAPE (number)

information about specified tape.

TE (type) (name)

selects Trisha Elphinstone.

TERROR in-clamp out-clamp (X0) (X1) (Y0) (Y1) (XD) (YD)

extracts images within a box.

THRILL clamp/glory video (LU) (D1) (D2) (AF) (HW)

calculates cross-correlation or, if D1 omitted, autocorrelation function.

TIGGER clamp/glory KOL/v-data skull (video) (output) (dogfeed) (new-clamp)

tabulates and/or plots image data.

TRAVESTY

temporarily unavailable.

TV video . . (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on graphics terminal.

TVA (CGR) (resolution) (AH) (threshold, dbµV/m)

interactive UK analogue TV reception predictor for Ordnance Survey grid references CGR. Resolution: 0: "free space"; 1: 50-m; 2: 500-m. AH is receiving antenna height above ground level (in m, default 10 m).

TVD (CGR) (resolution) (AH) (threshold, dbµV/m)

interactive UK digital TV reception predictor for Ordnance Survey grid references CGR. Resolution: 0: "free space"; 1: 50-m; 2: 500-m. AH is receiving antenna height above ground level (in m, default 10 m).

TVSTAR

interactive Brand Name Index searcher.

TVIDEO clamp video (RW) (DS)

interactive image-profile display.

TXPATH CGR1 CGR2 AH2 (KV) (AH1)

plots transmission path and calculates diffraction gain on UHF channel KV (default 21) using 50-m terrain; AH1 is receiving antenna height above ground (in m, default 10 m) at Ordnance Survey grid reference CGR1; AH2 is transmitting antenna height above Ordnance Survey datum at grid reference CGR2; optionally include transmitter name in parentheses; produces picture in file TXV.

UNDEAD deck-no. action

mounts tape if action is START; copies tape to DK: if action is ALL; otherwise copies file, named in second parameter, from tape.

UNGRIP file

sets file protection to minimum security.

UNIQUE symbol

sets local symbol to unique 9-digit serial number.

URANIA clamp/glory video (output) LU ZZ SV DM (AF)

calculates total kinetic and potential energies of cluster, harmonic mean and Plummer radii (for 'equal-mass' calculation, change sign of LU).

USERS (PLACE)

shows interactive process information, optionally at different PLACE (q.v.)

VE (type) (name)

selects Vaughan Evans.

VELVET

temporarily unavailable.

VH (type) (name)

selects Vanessa Boag.

VIOLET

temporarily unavailable.

WBH (type) (name)

selects Bill Honey.

WENVOE in-clamp out-clamp (DF)

alters photometric zero point.

WHO (lineprinter)

displays booking schedule (for lineprinter listing, give parameter).

WONDER video (NW)

produces plots of graphical characters/symbols and patterns.

WJC (type) (name)

selects Warrick Couch.

WW (code)

shows system status (codes: S for system processes; G for GALAXY processes; U for subprocesses; B for batch queues; P for line printers; V for laser printers; or give device name).

W72

sets screen width to 72 characters.

W80

sets screen width to 80 characters.

W93

sets screen width to 93 characters.

W132

sets screen width to 132 characters.

W208

sets screen width to 208 characters and height to 73 characters.

XSR (type) (name)

selects Somak Raychaudhury.

XTC JW video (fate) (no. copies) (title, or # for filename)

plots picture on device coded JW (where appropriate, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL). Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; create EPS file if fate contains E; X: duplex; Z: don't print.

YES

temporarily unavailable.

YW (type) (name)

selects Yaochen Wang.

ZAP program (parameters)

runs program, optionally passing parameter(s) via XSTART(0).

ZBURGER file (format) . (title, or # for filename)

creates (but does not print) file for laser printer, with lexical processing, in 'portrait' (V) mode unless format contains H; include M for left-hand margin (MM for double-width margin or B for ring-burst marginv); include L for double spacing; include I to hide 'optionally-invisible' sections; include S for Swiss or D for Dutch proportionally-spaced fonts; include character pitch per inch (10, 12 (default), 15 or 16 for non-proportional; 6,8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Swiss; 8,10,12,14,18 or 28 for Dutch); to alter horizontal increment append R followed by percentage of normal.

ZLASER video (fate) . (title, or # for filename)

creates (but does not plot) picture for laser printer, in portrait (V) mode unless fate contains H, deleting afterwards if fate contains KILL. Auto-size if fate contains A; shrink if fate contains R; shrink more if fate contains RR...RRRRR; create EPS file if fate contains E.

ZMC (type) (name)

selects Zheng Ming Chen.

ZOE

interactive evaluator for odds ratios.

Z(ORN) file (fate) (no. copies) (title)

lists or plots file: on terminal if fate is not given; on line printer if fate is X; on line printer, deleting afterwards if fate is KILL.

ZW (type) (name)

selects scratch directory ZW:

Files (variables in square brackets are optional)

a-data:

Data	Format
`AN(1),AN(2)...`	`((F*.3))`

address-file:

for each address successively:

Data	Format
key symbol (e.g. '.') reference number fone number	`(*)`
name	`(*)`
first line	`(*)`
second line (etc etc)	`(*)`
blank	`(X)`

b-data:

Data	Format
`SN(1),RP(1),SP(1)/SN(2),RP(2),SP(2)...`	`((F.3,))`

c-data:

Data	Format
`NS,NX,NY,[ND,JX(1),JY(1),LD(1)...JX(4),JY(4),LD(4)]`	`(I2,15I5)`
`[NWW]` or `[NL(1)...NL(10)]`	`(*)` or `(10I4)` respectively
`[IXC,IYC,IXS,IYS]`	`((*))`

clamp:

file of image parameters. For each image successively:

Data	Format
`IK,NN,IX,IY,A2,SC,RC,A3,ITA,AAX,KN,I2,AA,CS IJ,T1,T2,A1,S(1)...S(IJ),R(1)...R(IJ)`	Binary
`JJ,IT(1)...IT(JJ),AX(1)...AX(JJ)`	Binary

command-file:

commence each (non-data) line with the symbol $

dogfeed:

Data	Format
`IK,KN(1),KN(2)...`	`(I6,1X,73A1)`
`[KS/IK,KN(1),KN(2).../IK,JN(1),JN(2)...]`	`(*/(((I6,1X,73I1))/((I6,12I5))))`
`[KS/ASA,[SCW,KNW]/...]`	`(/((F.3,*)))`
`[KS/AS(1,1),AS(1,2)../AS(2,1),AS(2,2)..]`	`(/((10F.3)))`

f-data:

Data	Format
`X(1),Y(1),X(2),Y(2)... or AI(1),D(1),AI(2),D(2)...`	`((*))`

form-data:

Tab positions specified after -1: 1-99 tab settings (page boundaries are -.1 and 1.1; default is 1 setting at 0.) New line when tabbed to 1. Optional field divider *: tabs to left are left margins; tabs to right are centre lines. Optional second field divider *: tabs to right are right margins.

e.g:-1 -.1 0. .1 * .3 .4 .5 * 1. [ 3 left margins at -.1, 0. and .1; 3 centre lines at .3, .4 and .5; right margin at 1. ]

Each line of text preceded by tab position, or blank to follow on from previous line.

e.g:1 This is a left-ranged new line of text,
continued without interruption;
4 whilst this is a centred follow-on piece of text
7 and this is a right-ranged one.

Hanging paragraphs specified by 100(first tab position)+(second tab position) or 10000(first tab position)+100(second tab position)+(right margin)

e.g:10203 This, if long enough, will be a hanging paragraph with first line tabbed to 1 and the rest tabbed to 2, with right margin at 3. A minus before the number specifies a right-ranged last line.

Character set and vertical increment specified after -2 (defaults are 6 and .02): negative increment selects 'follow-on' positioning.

e.g:-2 7 .025

New page called by -3
Return to top with -4
Backup 1 line with -5
Bottom line with-6

fug-data:

Data	Format
`F(1),F(2)...`	`((*))`

g-data:

Data	Format
`LG/NX,NY,[ND,LX,LY]`	`(I4,4I5)`
`NG,[JX,JY,LD]`	`(I2,3I5)`
`B(1)`	`(E16.9)`
`[B(2),B(3)]`	`(2E16.9)`
`[B(4),B(5),B(6)]`	`(3E16.9)`
`[B(7),B(8),B(9),B(10)]`	`(4E16.9)`
`NR,[NH]`	`(I2,I5)`
`A(1)...A(NR)`	`((E16.9))`

glory:

condensed file of image parameters from two passbands (1) and (2). For each image successively:

Data	Format
`NNN,IX,IY,KN,IK(1),NN(1),IK(2),NN(2),J1(1),SC(1),RC(1),J2(2),SC(2),RC(2),J3,CC,RA,AAX(1),ITA(1),AA(1),CS(1),I2(1),MN,LW,CN,LZ`	Binary (`CN`is`CHARACTER*20`)

grid:

array of measurements corresponding to sky field:

Data	Format
`[KT,NX,NY,KX,KY]`	Binary (omitted for density grid)
`K(1,1)...K(NX,1)/.../K(1,NY)...K(NX,NY)`	Binary (`INTEGER2`or`INTEGER4`)

output:

stuff to be printed out.

references:

reference database file.

skull:

Data	Format
`SKY,SK,AP,STEP,FT,[KZ]`	`(F5.2,F6.2,F5.3,F4.2,F6.2,10X,I2)`
`[KG,FS,SR,CM]`	`(I1,F5.1,F5.2,F6.2)`
`[LI,(-)RM,BTF,FTF,TD,TH1,TS1,TH2,TS2,TH3]`	`(I1,F5.1,2F6.2,3(F5.2,F6.2))`
`[C(1)...C(LI)]`	`((E16.9))`

s-data:

Data	Format
`SN(1),SN(2)...`	`((F*.3))`

u-data:

file copy of output from CYBELE in spot/wedge mode.

v-data:

Data	Format
`KOL,[NX,NY,KX,KY,KL,IMAG,FS]`	`(I1,4I5,I2,I3,F6.2)`

video:

file of picture-drawing instructions for graphics device.

w-data:

Data	Format
`INO,AI(INO)/INO,AI(INO)/...`	`((*))`

y-data:

Data	Format
`NX,NY,[ND,JX(1),JY(1),LD(1)...JX(4),JY(4),LD(4)]`	`(I4,14I5)`
`IYA(1),IYB(1),[KDA(1),KDB(1)]/IYA(2)...`	`((I4,3I5))`

Variables (REAL4 if prefixed A - H or O - Z; INTEGER4 if prefixed I - N; or other as stated)

coefficients of transfer characteristic (excluding zero order).

slope relative to star template (alpha mag per square arcsec).

AAA

number to operate upon in-2-grid in JUNGLE.

AAX

ellipticity of isophote A3 (null value -1.).

semi-major axis of ellipse in terms of X variable.

step size (arcsec) (default is 1. arcsec).

antenna height (m).

log intensity measures of calibration spots or wedges.

maximum modulus of AA for image to be included as stellar (alpha mag per arcsec).

serial numbers (in form IK.NN) of images to be removed.

ANG

angle counterclockwise from horizontal (deg).

ANO

any floating-point number.

ANS

error or standard deviation.

pitch of scanning aperture (mm).

radius constant for Hubble profile (steps).

serial numbers (in form IK.NN) of images to be assembled.

ASA

serial number (in form IK.NN) of image to be altered.

ellipticities of JJ successive isophotes down to A2 (null value -1.).

brightest isophote in image (mag per square arcsec).

faintest isophote in image (mag per square arcsec).

isophote at which ITA and AAX are evaluated for image (mag per square arcsec).

coefficients of two-dimensional polynomial representing sky density.

BBB

number to be operated upon by in-1-grid in JUNGLE.

semi-minor axis of ellipse in terms of Y variable.

BLUE

Intensity of blue component in RGB (range 0. to 1.).

brightest image (apparent mag).

brightest isophote (mag per square arcsec).

BTF

brightest isophote used to fit star polynomial (mag per square arcsec).

blueward bound of colour-magnitude diagram.

redward bound of colour-magnitude diagram.

coefficients of star polynomial (excluding zero order).

colour of area bounded by isophote of radius RA.

string delimiter (CHARACTER*(*)).

file name (CHARACTER*(*)).

CGR

Ordnance Survey grid reference (CHARACTER*(*)).

operator for JUNGLE:

+	add
-	subtract
*	multiply
/	divide
&	arithmetical mean
^	geometrical mean

symbol or logical name string (CHARACTER*(*)).

isophote at and below which minimum-radius criterion SR is applied (mag per square arcsec).

notes.

array of character strings (CHARACTER*(*)).

CPX

scratch array of character strings (CHARACTER*(*)).

shortfall (mag) of isophote A1 below centre of stellar template.

any single character.

any character string (CHARACTER*(*)).

CWX

scratch character string (CHARACTER*(*)).

character string to annotate X axis (CHARACTER*(*)).

character string to annotate Y axis (CHARACTER*(*)).

dynamic array name (CHARACTER*(*)).

amount to be added to each intensity value (default is 0.).

amount each value by which (intensity value + C0) is to be multiplied (default is 1.).

density measures of calibration spots or wedges.

diameter of standard aperture (arcsec).

length of dark-current integration (default 7200 sec).

amount by which photometric zero point is to be altered (mag).

total distance modulus (mag).

range of surface brightness plotted (default is 10 mag).

width of strip (arcsec).

amount by which grid is slid to the left (steps).

amount by which grid is slid down (steps).

threshold between magnitude ranges of brighter and fainter subsets (mag).

faintward bound of magnitude range of fainter subset (mag).

ellipticity.

exponential scale length (steps).

coefficients of logarithmic surface-brightness (mu) fudge polynomial.

amount by which intensity values are multiplied to avoid rounding errors when converted to integers (default is 1000. for INTEGER*2 and 100000. for INTEGER*4).

F-ratio.

faintest image (apparent mag).

faintest isophote (mag per square arcsec).

FTF

faintest isophote used to fit star polynomial (mag per square arcsec).

GREEN

Intensity of green component in RGB (range 0. to 1.).

test variable.

binwidth (default is AF for THRILL).

minimum value in range.

maximum value in range.

I/O channel number.

day of the month.

IFR

maximum number of frames.

IHSET

character/symbol set:

0	'soft' (default)
1	'hard', 10 per inch
2	'hard', 12 per inch
3	'hard', 15 per inch

number of isophotal levels in image.

serial number of frame.

leftmost element of search field.

month of the year.

IMAG

character/symbol size (default is 20).

INO

any integer.

control code for CICD:

1000	heading
100	description
10	subcategory
1	sub-subcategory
(or combinations of these)

rightmost element of search field.

ISET

character/symbol set (default is 2). Add 100 for 'maximum precision' on Canon LBP-8II.

position angles (deg) of major axes of JJ successive isophotes down to A2 (null value -1).

ITA

position angle (deg) of major axis of isophote A3 (null value -1).

ICD revision (6-10).

Starlink storage code:

0	INTEGER*2
101	BYTE
102	INTEGER*2
104	INTEGER*4
204	REAL*4
208	REAL*8
301	BYTE (unsigned)
302	INTEGER*2 (unsigned)

X coördinate of image (steps).

IXC

X centre of wedge (steps).

IXS

width of wedge (steps).

Y coördinate of image (steps).

IYA

Y coördinate of lowest row of interpolation (steps).

IYB

Y coördinate of highest row of interpolation (steps).

IYC

Y centre of wedge (steps).

IYE

year (Anno Domini).

IYS

height of wedge (steps).

control code for AAAARK:

0	do not check for coincidences
1	reject coincident images in differing frames
2	reject all coincident images

number of isophotal levels used to evaluate AA and CS (null value -1).

number of days since Creation.

number of isophotal levels at which IT and AX are evaluated for image.

JK8

date in form DDMMYYYY.

JLN

number of labels.

JLP

label type:

1	2 x 8 on A4
2	3 x 8 on A4
3	2 x 7 on A4

serial numbers of images, in frame IK, to be transcribed to new-clamp.

graphics device code:

-7	Printronix matrix printer
-5	Versatec matrix printer
0
1	Sigma ARGS display A
2	Tektronix 4010, Pericom
3	Sigma GOC 5671
4	Tektronix 4014
5	Versatec matrix printer (GKS rasteriser)
6	Hewlett-Packard 7221 plotter
7	Printronix matrix printer (GKS rasteriser)
8	Sigma GOC 5674
9	Calcomp 81 plotter
10	Hewlett-Packard 2648A
11	Cifer 2634
16	Zeta 8 plotter
20	A4 PostScript printer, 'portrait'
21	A4 PostScript printer, 'landscape'
88	Canon LBP-8II laser printer without memory board, 'portrait'
89	Document Technology DL20 laser printer
90	Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'portrait'
91	Sigma ARGS display B
92	Canon LBP-8II laser printer without memory board, 'landscape'
93	Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'landscape'
95	any plotter
96	any terminal
97	any terminal (magnified display)
120	alternative A4 PostScript printer 'portrait'
121	alternative A4 PostScript printer 'landscape'
190	alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'portrait'
193	alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'landscape'
220	second alternative A4 PostScript printer, 'portrait'
221	second alternative A4 PostScript printer, 'landscape'
290	second alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'portrait'
293	second alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'landscape'
320	third alternative A4 PostScript printer, 'portrait'
321	third alternative A4 PostScript printer, 'landscape'
390	third alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'portrait'
393	third alternative Canon LBP-8II laser printer, 'landscape'

X centre of circular grid (steps).

Y centre of circular grid (steps).

status code for image parameters: 0: measured; 1: measured; overlapping image(s).

status code for parameters:

-2	as -1; overlapping image(s)
-1	RC measured
0	neither SC nor RC measured
1	both SC and RC measured
2	as 1; overlapping image(s)

status code for colour: 0: not measured; 1: measured; 2: 'cored' to avoid regions brighter than BTF.

array of measurements corresponding to sky field.

key for encryption (negative to decipher).

KDA

sky density to be inserted for lowest row of interpolation.

KDB

sky density to be inserted for highest row of interpolation.

control code for GENIUS:

0	video only
1	video and image summary
2	video and full data

pointer address for dynamic array.

test array.

control code for TIGGER:

0	draw reticule on map
1	do not draw reticule on map

image identification:

X or -1	null
0	star
1	star(?)
2	star?
3	star??
4	galaxy??
5	galaxy?
6	galaxy(?)
7	galaxy
8	junk
9	fragment of galaxy image to be assembled
A or 10	'assembled' galaxy
B or 11	synthetic image
C or 12	double galaxy?
D or 13	double galaxy
E or 14	triple galaxy

KNW

new KN for image ASA.

KN0

minimum value of KN for image to be included.

KN1

maximum value of KN for image to be included.

KOL

control code for TIGGER:

1	list image summary and plot (alpha : magnitude)
2	draw map (IMAG and FS in v-data operative)
3	draw image profiles
4	plot (mean surface brightness : magnitude) and (log radius : magnitude)
5	as 1; but using 'linear' template
6	as 2, including number table
7	transcribe to new-clamp without dogfeed
8	s 7; but using 'linear' template
9	as 2, including direct numbering of images

control code for TIGGER:

(omitted)	transcribe images passing TD or TS1/2 criteria to new-clamp, tagging with given identifications KN
-1	transcribe images serial-numbered IK.JN, tagging with given identifications KN, to new-clamp
-3	transcribe images to new-clamp without tags; control code for FUDGER
-7	alter SC and/or KN
-11	assemble images AS

file type:

40	INTEGER*2 intensity grid
45	INTEGER*4 intensity grid

symbol or logical name table:

1	local
2	group or global

UHF channel (21-68).

number of columns to left of box to be excised.

number of rows below box to be excised.

control code for GENIUS:

0	video scaled to 255 steps across screen, where possible
1	video always full-screen

lowest-order polynomial to be evaluated.

highest-order polynomial to be evaluated.

control code for LARA:

-1	line
0	screen
>0	number of 6-digit strings

Record length (bytes).

control code for CYBORG:

1	forward order
2	reverse order
3	Oxford 45-spot array, 'top left'
4	Oxford 45-spot array, 'top right'
5	Oxford 45-spot array, 'bottom right'
6	Oxford 45-spot array, 'bottom left'

radius of circular grid (steps): if negative, radius of area excluded.

frequency array.

control code for GAGOOL/BLONDE:

-1	use NX,NY,LX,LY found in in-grid

number of coefficients in star polynomial.

character conversion type:

1	DEC to IBM
2	IBM to DEC
3	DEC to simple text
4	IBM to simple text
5	EBCDIC to ASCII
6	ASCII to EBCDIC

Any LOGICAL variable (.TRUE./.FALSE.)

LLL

control code for JARAMA:

-5	centre-weighted 5-square
-3	centre-weighted 3-square (default)
> 1	uniform LLL-square

control code for NEBULA:

1	point source
2	de Vaucouleurs profile (use RE)
3	modified Hubble profile (use AR and ES)
4	exponential disk profile (use ES)

number of words found.

number of elements in array.

character rotation offset.

number of lines found.

tag array.

code for type of file:

2	clamp
4	glory

value array.

catalogue number.

number of steps to be added to X position of image.

number of steps to be added to Y position of image.

radial velocity (km/s).

serial number of first frame.

serial number of last frame.

MB1

length of first line in BROKEN (thousandths of physical space).

MB2

length of first gap in BROKEN (thousandths of physical space).

MB3

length of second line in BROKEN (thousandths of physical space).

MB4

length of second gap in BROKEN (thousandths of physical space).

control code for LXDADA:

< 0	if CW not given or not possible, try favourite name, otherwise select one at random from the remainder up to the one numbered -MD
0	if CW not possible, give up
> 0	if CW not given or not possible, select one at random from the remainder up to the one numbered MD

control code for FLAASH:

1	fit characteristic curves (D : log I) using f-data
2	fit one-dimensional polynomials Y(X) using f-data
3	fit 'linear' template star profiles to polynomial in skull

catalogue number.

control code for MANRAY:

1	plot star template
2	plot 'linear' star template
3	plot characteristic curve

length of character string.

amount by which 'short' grid is slid to the right before stacking (steps).

amount by which 'long' grid is slid up before stacking (steps).

number of points.

Hershey number of character/symbol (or encoded number if ISET=1).

NCOLOR

ISO number of pattern. To alter attributes add one or more of the following numbers (patterns -20 to -88 only):

-10000	rotate 90 degrees
-20000	rotate 180 degrees
-30000	rotate 270 degrees
-1000	mirror-reverse
-100	negative-reverse

number of lines to be passed in input data before reading.

NDP

number of decimal places for ANO or minimum number of digits for INO.

number of frames to be transcibed.

number of coefficients in two-dimensional polynomial representing sky density.

constant to be added to each measurement before transformation into intensity units.

number of frames to be passed in input chain before reading.

heights of bands drawn across wedge (steps).

image number within frame IK.

NNN

image number.

NP1

index of first coördinate pair.

NP2

index of last coördinate pair.

pitch of APM block-averaging (picture elements).

control code for GAGOOL:

-5	interpolation in I
-4	interpolation in log(I)
-3	Kaiser transform
-2	Baker-Sampson transform
1-9	number of terms in polynomial representing exponential transfer characteristic
11-19	number of terms, plus 10, in polynomial representing linear transfer characteristic

control code for CYBELE:

-3	sky field (intensity)
-2	wedge
-1	draw cross-sections of wedges
0	sky field (density)
> 0	number of calibration spots

line thickness (0 - 3: default is 1).

control code for WONDER (additive options):

1	draw ISO patterns
10	draw GHOST symbols
100	draw Hershey symbols
1000	draw soft character/symbol sets
10000	draw PostScript character/symbol sets

NWW

number of wedges.

width of picture (steps).

height of picture (steps).

number of points in array.

number of points in array.

number of points in array.

position angle (deg).

length of preflash integration (default 30 sec).

PLACE

code representing Starlink VAX:

B	Birmingham	BHVAD::
C	Cambridge	CAVAD::
D	Durham	DUVAD::
E	Edinburgh	REVAD::
J	Jodrell Bank	JBVAD::
L	London	ZUVAD::
M	Manchester	MAVAD::
O	Oxford	OXVAD::
R	R.A.L.	RLVAX::
S	Sussex	RGVAD::

duration of preflash (default 0.3 sec).

significance of difference between test distributions Z1 and Z2 (null value -1.).

radii (arcsec) of successive isophotes from A1 to A2.

radius (arcsec) of isophote within which CC is defined.

radius of isophote A2 (arcsec).

effective radius of de Vaucouleurs profile (steps).

RED

Intensity of red component in RGB (range 0. to 1.).

semi-major axis of largest ellipse (arcsec).

maximum radius for which star polynomial is valid (arcsec): -RM in skull indicates that any central depression is not to be filled in during convolution using JARAMA.

relative aspect ratio of characters (default is 1.).

maximum radius to which profile is calculated (default is 50 arcsec).

maximum radius of profile plotted (default is 20 arcsec).

minimum inner radius of zone for colour measurement.

maximum outer radius of zone for colour measurement.

magnitudes within successive isophotes from A1 to A2.

radius of standard aperture (arcsec).

magnitude within isophote A2.

SCW

new SC for image AS.

magnitude interval of grouping (default is 0.1 mag).

plate scale (arcsec per mm).

SKY

sky brightness (mag per square arcsec).

threshold for rejection of sky measurements during iteration (default is 3 sigma).

serial numbers (in form IK.NN) of standard objects.

standard magnitude within RP.

minimum-radius criterion (arcsec) applied at and below isophote CM.

STEP

isophotal increment (mag).

line-of-sight velocity dispersion (km/s).

standard deviation of X.

standard deviation of Y.

SYX

standard error of Y-hat.

surface brightness below which measurements from 'long' grid are used (mag per square arcsec).

surface brightness above which measurements from 'short' grid are used (mag per square arcsec).

minimum CS for which image, failing TS1/TS2 criteria and fainter than TH1, will still be classified as a galaxy.

angle by which coördinate system is rotated counterclockwise about origin (deg).

THN

angle by which grid is rotated counterclockwise about a point one step left and one step down from lower left corner measurement! (deg).

TH1

SC faintward of which TD criterion is applied in addition to TS1/TS2.

TH2

SC brightward of which TS1 criterion is applied and, faintward of which until TH3, TS2 criterion is applied.

TH3

SC brightward of which TS2 criterion is applied and faintward of which TS1 is applied.

TS1

steepest AA for which image with SC brighter than TH2 or fainter than TH3 will be classified as a galaxy.

TS2

steepest AA for which image with SC between TH2 and TH3 will be classified as a galaxy.

wait time (sec).

brightest isophotal level at which an overlapping image occurs (mag per square arcsec) (null 99.99).

brightest isophotal level at which image is cut by edge of grid (mag per square arcsec) (null 99.99).

difference between limiting isophote and central surface brightness (mag).

intercept of regression.

slope of regression.

standard error of intercept of regression U0.

standard error of slope of regression U1.

weighting for (X,Y) pair.

sum of weights.

independent variable for one-dimensional polynomial fit.

array of X coördinates.

mean X.

X centre of standard image (steps).

change of X coördinate.

X centre of coördinate system (steps).

left margin in mathematical space.

XLL

longitude (degrees).

maximum X coördinate of mathematical space.

XMAX

maximum X coördinate of physical space.

XMIN

minimum X coördinate of physical space.

minimum X coördinate of mathematical space.

XOS

Ordnance Survey Easting (km).

X coördinate of current plotting position in mathematical space.

sum of X*X.

right margin in mathematical space.

sum of X.

length of sky integration (default 1000 sec).

as LX.

sum of X*Y.

leftmost edge of box (steps).

rightmost edge of box (steps).

dependent variable for one-dimensional polynomial fit.

array of Y coördinates.

mean Y.

Y centre of standard image (steps).

change of Y coördinate.

'follow-on' text line increment in mathematical space.

Y centre of coördinate system (steps).

text line increment in mathematical space.

YLL

latitude (degrees).

maximum Y coördinate of mathematical space.

YMAX

maximum Y coördinate of physical space.

YMIN

minimum Y coördinate of physical space.

minimum Y coördinate of mathematical space.

YOS

Ordnance Survey Northing (km).

Y coördinate of current plotting position in mathematical space.

sum of Y*Y.

sum of Y.

as LY.

lower edge of box (steps).

upper edge of box (steps).

test array.

spot terrain height above OS datum (m).

redshift.

test array.

test array.

FORTRAN-callable routines

AMAG(HV)

REAL*4 function giving10.**(-.4*HV)(HV is REAL*4).

ADMAG(HV)

REAL*8 function giving10.**(-.4*HV)(HV is REAL*8).

BALDEN

CALL BALDEN(CW)

converts DEC characters and 'backslash sequences' for lineprinting.

BALDEN2

CALL BALDEN2(CW)

converts print formatting to plain text.

BUCKET

DIMENSION KK(N1),LV(N1,2)
...
CALL BUCKET(KK,N1,LV,N2,LP)

constructs list of the LP values LV(1...LP,1) found, and their frequencies LV(1...LP,2), from one-dimensional integer array KK.

BUCKET2

DIMENSION KK(N1,N2),LV(N1,N3),LF(N3)
...
CALL BUCKET2(KK,N1,N2,LV,LF,N3,LP)

constructs the LP N1-dimensional sets of values LV(1...N1,1...LP) found, and their frequencies LF(1...LP), from integer array KK.

CDATE8(JK8)

CHARACTER*17 function giving date of JK8 without day name (or current date if zero).

CDATE2(JK)

CHARACTER*27 function giving date of JK with day name (or current date if zero).

CDGL(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving 'readable' ranged-left string from REAL*8 number ANO with at least NDP significant figures, with dots (.) replaced by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

CDL(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving ranged-left string from REAL*8 number ANO with NDP decimal places, with dots (.) replaced by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

CFL(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving ranged-left string from REAL*4 number ANO with NDP decimal places, with dots (.) replaced by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

CFL2(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving ranged-left string from REAL*4 number ANO with NDP decimal places.

CGL(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving 'readable' ranged-left string from REAL*4 number ANO with at least NDP significant figures, with dots (.) replaced by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

CIL(INO,NDP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving ranged-left string from integer INO, if necessary filling with leading zeros, to give at least NDP digits.

CHAINL

CALL CHAINL(CW,CP,LP,MW,LQ)

separates string CW into LQ lines of width MW stored in successive elements of CP, hyphenating where necessary; successive lines are ranged left.

CHAINL2

CALL CHAINL2(CW,CP,LP,MW,LQ)

separates string CW into LQ lines of width MW stored in successive elements of CP, without hyphenation; successive lines are ranged left.

CHAINR

CALL CHAINR(CW,CP,LP,MW,LQ)

separates string CW into LQ lines of width MW stored in successive elements of CP, hyphenating where necessary; successive lines are ranged right.

CHAINR2

CALL CHAINR2(CW,CP,LP,MW,LQ)

separates string CW into LQ lines of width MW stored in successive elements of CP, without hyphenation; successive lines are ranged right.

CICD(IV,CW,IP)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving text for ICD code (or codes, comma-separated) in string CW, revision IV (6-10). IP is control code: 1000: heading; 100: description; 10: subcategory; 1: sub-subcategory (or combinations of these).

COSGR(XOS,YOS)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving Ordnance Survey grid reference for Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km).

COSGRI(XOS,YOS)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving Ordnance Survey grid reference for Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km), with priority to the Irish grid in overlap areas.

CPOINT(CW)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving string CW with dots (.) replaced by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

CQI()

CHARACTER*9 function returning 'unique' 9-digit number based on date and time.

CREV(CW)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving string CW with the non-blank portion reversed.

CSORT

CALL CSORT(CP,CPX,LP,IL,IR)

sorts character array CP(1)...CP(LP) into alphabetical sequence of fields IL thru IR.

CTAG

CALL CTAG(CP,LT,LP)

creates tag array LT pointing to the contents of character array CP(1)...CP(LP) in alphabetical order.

DATEX8

CALL DATEX8(CW)

returns today's date in form 'DD-MMM-YYYY'.

DATIMEX

CALL DATIMEX(CW)

returns today's date and current time in form 'DD-MMM-YYYY HH:MM:SS'.

DAY

CALL DAY(JD,ID,IM,IYE)

calculates date corresponding to number of days since Creation.

DBX(XOS1,YOS1,XOS2,YOS2,AH1,AH2,KV)

REAL*4 function returning path diffraction gain in dB on UHF channel KV using 50-m terrain; AH1 is receiving antenna height above ground at Ordnance Survey Easting XOS1 and Northing YOS1 (km); AH2 is transmitting antenna height above Ordnance Survey datum at XOS2, YOS2.

DBX2(XOS1,YOS1,XOS2,YOS2,AH1,AH2,KV)

REAL*4 function returning path diffraction gain in dB on UHF channel KV using 500-m terrain; AH1 is receiving antenna height above ground at Ordnance Survey Easting XOS1 and Northing YOS1 (km); AH2 is transmitting antenna height above Ordnance Survey datum at XOS2, YOS2.

DCE

CALL DCE(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO into ranged-right string CW with NDP decimal places.

DCL

CALL DCL(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO into ranged-left string CW with NDP decimal places.

DDEC(CW)

REAL*8 function giving value decoded from numeric field CW.

DEARCH

CALL DEARCH(CW)

removes certain archaisims from string CW.

DEB

CALL DEB(ANO,ANS,CW_1,CW_2,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO and its error ANS into 'readable' ranged-right strings CW with at least NDP significant figures.

DECIBM

CALL DECIBM(CW)

converts DEC characters into IBM characters.

DECOKE

CALL DECOKE(CW,CP,LP,LO)

separates "delimited" string CW into LO sections stored in successive elements of CP.

DEFILE

CALL DEFILE(CW)

deletes file named in string CW.

DELB

CALL DELB(ANO,ANS,CW_1,CW_2,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO and its error ANS into 'readable' ranged-left strings CW with at least NDP significant figures.

DELLOG

CALL DELLOG(CL,KU)

deletes logical CL; KU is 1 for local, 2 for group.

DELSYM

CALL DELSYM(CL,KU)

deletes symbol CL; KU is 1 for local, 2 for global.

DEXP10(HV)

REAL*8 function giving10.**HV(HV is REAL*8).

DFAB(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*6 function giving format for REAL*8 number ANO.

DFAB2(ANO,NDP,MW)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving encoded REAL*8 number ANO and its field width MW.

DGCE

CALL DGCE(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO into 'readable' ranged-right string CW with at least NDP significant figures.

DGCL

CALL DGCL(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*8 number ANO into 'readable' ranged-left string CW with at least NDP significant figures.

DMAG(HV)

REAL*8 function giving-2.5*LOG10(HV) (HV is REAL*8).

EEB

CALL EEB(ANO,ANS,CW_1,CW_2,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO and its error ANS into 'readable' ranged-right strings CW with at least NDP significant figures.

ELB

CALL ELB(ANO,ANS,CW_1,CW_2,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO and its error ANS into 'readable' ranged-left strings CW with at least NDP significant figures.

EXP10(HV)

REAL*4 function giving10.**HV(HV is REAL*4).

FAB(ANO,NDP)

CHARACTER*6 function giving format for REAL*4 number ANO.

FAB2(ANO,NDP,MW)

CHARACTER*(*) function giving encoded REAL*4 number ANO and its field width MW.

FAY(INO)

CHARACTER*3 function giving format for integer INO.

FCE

CALL FCE(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO into ranged-right string CW with NDP decimal places.

FCL

CALL FCL(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO into ranged-left string CW with NDP decimal places.

FDEC(CW)

REAL*4 function giving value decoded from numeric field CW.

FMAG(HV)

REAL*4 function giving-2.5*LOG10(HV)(HV is REAL*4).

GCE

CALL GCE(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO into 'readable' ranged-right string CW with at least NDP significant figures.

GCL

CALL GCL(ANO,CW,NDP)

encodes REAL*4 number ANO into 'readable' ranged-left string CW with at least NDP significant figures.

GETCGI

CALL GETCGI(CL,CW)

returns character string CW containing value of variable CL from CGI return (or whole CGI return if CL is blank).

GETDIR

CALL GETDIR(CW)

returns current directory name as character string CW.

GETDVI

CALL GETDVI(CWX,CL,CW)

returns CW as physical terminal name (given terminal name CL) if CWX is 'TT_PHYDEVNAM'; or 'TRUE' etc re: VT abilities (given physical terminal name CL) if CWX is 'TT_DECCRT'.

GETFOR

CALL GETFOR(CW)

returns foreign command line as character string CW.

GETJPI

CALL GETJPI(CWX,CW)

returns CW as 'INTERACTIVE' or 'BATCH' if CWX is 'MODE'; or CPU time in hundredths of a second if CWX is 'CPUTIM'; or connect time if CWX is 'LOGINTIM'; or terminal name if CWX is 'TERMINAL'; or process name if CWX is 'PRCNAM'; or image name if CWX is 'IMAGNAME'.

GETLOG

CALL GETLOG(CL,CW)

returns value of logical CL as character string CW.

GETMUB

CALL GETMUB(CW,CWX)

returns reply-string-from-user CW from question-string-to-user CWX.

GETMUBH

CALL GETMUBH(CW,CWX)

returns reply-string-from-user CW from question-string-to-user CWX, preceding question by blank line in output stream.

GETSYM

CALL GETSYM(CL,CW)

returns value of symbol CL as character string CW.

HARASS

CALL HARASS(H0,H1,HW,Z,N,CX,CY)
CALL GREND - if XDEATH not used

draws histogram of data in array Z(1)...Z(N) over range H0 to H1 with binwidth HW.

HTML

CALL HTML(CW)

converts high-ASCII and other special characters in string CW to HTML codes.

IBMDEC

CALL IBMDEC(CW)

converts IBM characters into DEC characters.

ICE

CALL ICE(INO,CW,NDP)

encodes integer INO into ranged-right string CW, if necessary filling with leading zeros, to give at least NDP digits.

ICL

CALL ICL(INO,CW,NDP)

encodes integer INO into ranged-left string CW, if necessary filling with leading zeros, to give at least NDP digits.

IDATEX8

CALL IDATEX8(IM,ID,IYE)

returns today's date in form month, day, year.

IDEC(CW)

INTEGER function giving value decoded from numeric field CW.

IFDATE8(JK8_2,JK8_1)

INTEGER function giving number of days between ((DD)MM)YYYY dates JK8_1 and JK8_2.

IHDEC(CW)

INTEGER function giving value decoded from hexadecimal field CW.

INTEL()

LOGICAL function giving .TRUE. for Win-32 environment and .FALSE. for VMS.

JDAY(ID,IM,IYE)

INTEGER function giving number of days since Creation.

KBCOMP(CW_1,CW_2)

INTEGER function returning result of case-blind comparison: -1: CW_1 < CW_2; 0: CW_1 = CW_2; 1: CW_1 > CW_2.

KCFIND(CW,CP,LT,LP)

INTEGER function giving location of string CW in character array CP of dimension LP; LT is tag array previously set using CTAG.

KCFINDS(CW,CP,LT,LP)

INTEGER function giving location of string CW in alphabetically-sorted character array CP of dimension LP.

KDAY8(JK8)

INTEGER function giving number of days from creation to ((DD)MM)YYYY date JK8.

KFIND(INO,KK,LT,LP)

INTEGER function giving location of INO in array KK of dimension LP; LT is tag array previously set using KTAG.

KFINDS(INO,KK,LP)

INTEGER function giving location of INO in ascending-sorted array KK of dimension LP.

KSORT

CALL KSORT(KK,LP)

sorts INTEGER*4 array KK(1)...KK(LP) into ascending numerical order.

KTAG

CALL KTAG(KK,LT,LP)

creates tag array LT pointing to the contents of INTEGER*4 array KK(1)...KK(LP) in ascending numerical order.

LCLAMP(IC,CF)

LOGICAL funtion to open unformatted file CF: writing new one on I/O channel -IC if IC negative (add -1000 to IC to write to old file); otherwise reading on I/O channel IC; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LDEB(0)

LOGICAL function giving de-bug status.

LDISKE(IC,LB,CF)

LOGICAL funtion to open unformatted direct-access file CF with record length LB: writing new one on I/O channel -IC if IC negative (add -1000 to IC to write to old file); otherwise reading on I/O channel IC; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LDTMAP(XOS,YOS,ZP)

LOGICAL function returning spot height (m) in 50-m terrain at Ordnance Survey Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km); gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LDTMAP2(XOS,YOS,ZP)

LOGICAL function returning spot height (m) in 500-m terrain at Ordnance Survey Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km); gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LDTMOS(CGR,ZP)

LOGICAL function returning spot height (m) in 50-m terrain at CHARACTER*(*) Ordnance Survey grid reference CGR; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LDTMOS2(CGR,ZP)

LOGICAL function returning spot height (m) in 500-m terrain at CHARACTER*(*) Ordnance Survey grid reference CGR; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LEO(CW)

INTEGER function giving position of first non-blank character in string CW, or 0 if null.

LEX(CW)

INTEGER function giving length of character string CW omitting trailing blanks.

LIN(INO)

INTEGER function giving string-length of integer INO.

LLURKE(TW)

LOGICAL funtion to wait TW sec; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LNAME

CALL LNAME(CW)

converts personal name CW into lower-case letters.

LOCKED

l1 READ(...,IOSTAT=INO,ERR=l2,...)
...
...
l2 IF (LOCKED(INO,IC)) l3,l4,l1

INTEGER function giving state of locked record in indexed file: -1: headbone; 0: not locked; 1: have waited for possible unlock (message on I/O channel IC if positive) - try again.

LOS(CGR,XOS,YOS)

LOGICAL function returning Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km) for CHARACTER*(*) Ordnance Survey grid reference CGR; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LOWER

CALL LOWER(CW)

converts string CW to lower-case.

LPO(CW)

LOGICAL function giving .TRUE. if string CW contains a potentially valid U.K. postcode, reformatting it if necessary.

LPOSTC

(CW,XOS,YOS)

LOGICAL function giving .TRUE. if string CW contains a valid U.K. postcode and giving its Ordnance Survey Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km).

LQUARK

IF (.NOT.LQUARK(KT,NX,NY,LX,LY,KJ)) give up
CALL submarine(%VAL(KJ),NX,NY)
...
SUBROUTINE submarine(K,NX,NY)
INTEGER*2 K(NX,NY)

LOGICAL function to attach Starlink image to INPUT or, if KT negative, to OUTPUT, returning pointer address KJ; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LSD(CW_1,CW_2)

LOGICAL function giving .TRUE. if strings CW_1 and CW_2 contain the same sequence of non-blank characters (blanks and the distinction between upper- and lower-case letters being ignored), otherwise .FALSE..

LSKRAC(IC)

LOGICAL function to open scratch file, deleting after use: unformatted on I/O channel -IC if IC negative; otherwise formatted on I/O channel IC; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LSKULL(IC,CF)

LOGICAL function to open data file CF readable by both person and machine: writing new one on I/O channel -IC if IC negative (add -1000 to IC to write to old file); otherwise reading on I/O channel IC (IC = 0 puts parameters from ZAP into scratch file on I/O channel 0); gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LSOLAR

IF (.NOT.LSOLAR(CZ,N,IW,KJ)) give up
CALL submarine(%VAL(KJ),N)
...
SUBROUTINE submarine(K,N)
DIMENSION K(N)

LOGICAL function to create dynamic array of name stored in character variable CZ, N elements long, returning pointer address KJ. IW is code for storage type: 0 or 102 for INTEGER*2, 204 for REAL*4, others as in Starlink convention. Gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LSPAWN(CW_1,CW_2,CW_3,LL)

LOGICAL function to execute the system command in string CW_1, reporting to destination optionally named in CW_2; optional subprocess name in CW_3; LL is LOGICAL (.TRUE. to wait, otherwise asynchronous); returns .TRUE. for success.

LTIGER(-IC,CF)

LOGICAL function to open lineprinter-type file CF on I/O channel IC; gives .TRUE. for success, otherwise .FALSE..

LUDWIG(CW)

INTEGER function giving number of characters found in input buffer, which is read into CW.

LXDADA(MD,CW)

LOGICAL function to set process-name to CW or, if blank or not possible, following option MD, giving .TRUE. if successful, otherwise .FALSE..

MINDEX(CW_1,CW_2)

INTEGER function giving position of first character in string CW_1 found in string CW_2, or zero if none found.

MONDEX(CW_1,CW_2)

INTEGER function giving position of first character in string CW_1 not found in string CW_2, or zero if all present.

MOVEC

CALL MOVEC(CW)

centres character string within CW.

MOVEL

CALL MOVEL(CW)

ranges character string left within CW.

MOVER

CALL MOVER(CW)

ranges character string right within CW.

NAMELET

CALL NAMELET(CW_1,CW_2)

converts personal name CW_1 into salutation form CW_2.

NONDEX(CW_1,CW_2)

equivalent to MONDEX(CW_1,CW_2), q.v.

N1900(CW,IC)

INTEGER function giving (positive) value decoded from ICL 1900 binary string CW; error output on I/O channel IC if positive.

CALL OS(XLL,YLL,XOS,YOS)

transforms longitude XLL and latitude YLL (degrees) into Ordnance Survey Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km) (XLL and YLL are REAL*8)).

OSI

CALL OSI(XLL,YLL,XOS,YOS)

transforms longitude XLL and latitude YLL (degrees) into Irish National Grid Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km) (XLL and YLL are REAL*8)).

OSR

CALL OSR(XOS,YOS,XLL,YLL)

transforms Ordnance Survey Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km) into longitude XLL and latitude YLL (degrees) (XLL and YLL are REAL*8)).

OSRI

CALL OSRI(XOS,YOS,XLL,YLL)

transforms Irish National Grid Easting XOS and Northing YOS (km) into longitude XLL and latitude YLL (degrees) (XLL and YLL are REAL*8)).

OUTMUB

CALL OUTMUB(CW)

writes character string to output stream.

OUTMUBH

CALL OUTMUBH(CW)

writes blank line followed by character string to output stream.

OUTWEB

CALL OUTWEB(CW)

writes HTML character string to output stream, constrained to 72-character widths.

REMOVE

CALL REMOVE(CW_1,CW_2,CWX)

translates character string CW_1 into CW_2, omitting any character in CWX.

REPLACE

CALL REPLACE(CW_1,CW_2,CWX_1,CWX_2)

translates character string CW_1 into CW_2, replacing any instances of CWX_1 by CWX_2: trailing spaces are significant.

ROTCHA

CALL ROTCHA(LR,CW)

encodes or decodes string CW with rotation LR (negative to decode).

SECNDX

CALL SECNDX(ANO)

REAL*4 function returning number of seconds elapsed since ANO seconds after midnight.

SETDIR

CALL SETDIR(CW)

sets current directory to CW.

SETLOG

CALL SETLOG(CL,CW,KU)

sets value of logical CL to character string CW; KU is 1 for local, 2 for group.

SETSYM

CALL SETSYM(CL,CW,KU)

sets value of symbol CL to character string CW; KU is 1 for local, 2 for global.

SHRINK

CALL SHRINK(CW)

removes redundant included spaces from string CW.

SIGMUND

CALL SIGMUND(0.,0.,-1)
CALL SIGMUND(X(1),Y(1),0)
...
CALL SIGMUND(X(N),Y(N),0)
CALL SIGMUND(0.,0.,IC)

calculates non-weighted linear regression and normal distributions for X(1),Y(1)...X(N),Y(N): output on I/O channel IC if positive.

SIGMUND2

CALL SIGMUND(0.,0.,-1)
CALL SIGMUND2(X(1),Y(1),W(1),0)
...
CALL SIGMUND2(X(N),Y(N),W(N),0)
CALL SIGMUND(0.,0.,IC)

calculates weighted linear regression and normal distributions for X(1),Y(1)...X(N),Y(N) with weights W(1)...W(N): output on I/O channel IC if positive.

SIGMUND3

CALL SIGMUND(0.,0.,-1)
CALL SIGMUND(X(1),Y(1),0) or SIGMUND2(X(1),Y(1),W(1),0)
...
CALL SIGMUND(X(N),Y(N),0) orSIGMUND2(X(N),Y(N),W(N),0)
CALL SIGMUND3(N,XS,XQ,XY,YS,YQ,XB,YB,SX,SY,U0,U1,V0,V1,SYX,FR,WS)

calculates linear regression and normal distributions for X(1),Y(1)...X(N),Y(N) (optionally with weights W(1)...W(N)): returns REAL*8 values of coefficients, errors, sums etc.

SOPHIE

CALL SOPHIE(Z1,N1,Z2,N2,IC,QW,CX)
(CALL GREND - if plotting when XDEATH not used)

performs Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for two distributions Z1(1)...Z1(N1) and Z2(1)...Z2(N2), returning significance QW of difference. Output on I/O channel IC if positive; plot if CX is non-blank.

SORT

CALL SORT(Z,LP)

sorts array Z(1)...Z(LP) into ascending numerical order.

STRING

CALL STRING(CW,CP,LP,LO)

separates string CW into LO words stored in successive elements of CP.

STRING2

CALL STRING2(CW,CP,LP,LO,CD)

separates string CW into LO sections (delimited by string CD) stored in successive elements of CP.

STRING3

CALL STRING3(CW,CP,LP,LO,CD)

separates string CW into LO sections (delimited by any character in string CD) stored in successive elements of CP.

TAG

CALL TAG(Z,LT,LP)

creates tag array LT pointing to the contents of array Z(1)...Z(LP) in ascending numerical order.

TBRAIN(ANO)

REAL*4 function giving central processor time elapsed in seconds minus ANO.

TIMEX

CALL TIMEX(CW)

returns current time in form 'HH:MM:SS'.

TRANSC

CALL TRANSC(CW_1,CW_2,CWX_1,CWX_2)

translates character string CW_1 into CW_2, replacing any characters found in CWX_1 by the positionally-corresponding characters in CWX_2.

UNDEC

CALL UNDEC(CW)

converts DEC characters into 'backslash sequences'.

UNHTML

CALL UNHTML(CW)

converts HTML codes in string CW to high-ASCII and other special characters.

UPPER

CALL UPPER(CW)

converts string CW to upper-case.

UPSET

CALL UPSET(CW)

converts string CW to accent-free upper-case.

XBEEP

CALL XBEEP

returns beep to output stream.

XBEEP2

CALL XBEEP2(N1,N2)

returns beep of frequency N1 Hz and duration N2 hundredths of a second to output stream.

XCLAMP

CALL XCLAMP(IC)

equivalent toCALL LCLAMP(IC,' '), q.v.

XCLAMP2

CALL XCLAMP2(IC,CF)

equivalent toCALL LCLAMP(IC,CF), q.v.

XDEATH

CALL XDEATH(CW)

stops program, after deassigning I/O channels and clearing graphics buffers, displaying string CW (or just stone dead if blank given).

XDEATH2

CALL XDEATH2(CW_1,CW_2)

stops program, after deassigning I/O channels and clearing graphics buffers, displaying string CW_1 (or just stone dead if blank given) and then executes command CW_2.

XDEATH3

CALL XDEATH3(CW)

stops program, after deassigning I/O channels, clearing graphics buffers and displaying string CW, and closes window.

XFUZ

CALL XFUZ(CF,CW_2,CL,CW_4,CW_5)

attaches file CF to I/O channel CW_2, or to logical name CW_2, taking its name from CL (after asking whether OK) unless given in CW_4; CW_5 is symbol-prefix.

XLURKE

CALL XLURKE(TW)

equivalent toCALL LLURKE(TW), q.v.

XSKRAC

CALL XSKRAC(IC)

equivalent toCALL LSKRAC(IC), q.v.

XSOLAR

CALL XSOLAR(CZ,N,IW,KJ)

equivalent toCALL LSOLAR(CZ,N,IW,KJ), q.v.

XSKULL

CALL XSKULL(IC)

equivalent toCALL LSKULL(IC,' '), q.v.

XSKULL2

CALL XSKULL2(IC,CF)

equivalent toCALL LSKULL(IC,CF), q.v.

XSTART

CHARACTER*... CH
EXTERNAL XDEADH
IF (.NOT.LDEB(0)) CALL LIB$ESTABLISH(XDEADH)
CALL XSTART(CH)

initialises timers, sets break and headbone traps and returns parameters (from ZAP or 'command line') to CH at beginning of program.

XSTELLA

CALL XSTELLA(CW,CF)

assigns Starlink image files: CW contains Starlink assignments, e.g: INPUT=image1/OUTPUT=image2.

XSTUFF

temporarily unavailable.

XTIGER

CALL XTIGER(-IC)

equivalent toCALL LTIGER(-IC,' '), q.v.

XTIGER2

CALL XTIGER2(-IC,CF)

equivalent toCALL LTIGER(-IC,CF), q.v.

XQUARK

CALL XQUARK(KT,NX,NY,LX,LY,KJ)

equivalent toCALL LQUARK(KT,NX,NY,LX,LY,KJ), q.v.

XVIDEO

CALL XVIDEO(IC)

equivalent toCALL LCLAMP(IC,' '), q.v.

XVIDEO2

CALL XVIDEO2(IC,CF)

equivalent toCALL LCLAMP(IC,CF), q.v.

YAAAWN

CALL YAAAWN(Z,LP,IC)

sorts array Z(1)...Z(LP) into ascending numerical order, optionally listing on I/O channel IC if positive.

Plotting routines (begin with GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or PAPER; end with GREND if XDEATH not used)

AXES

CALL AXES

draws axes previously defined usingCALL GRAPH,GRAPH2,GRAPHE,GRAPHE2orMAP, passing through origin if possible.

BLKPEN

CALL BLKPEN

selects black pen or white line.

BLUPEN

CALL BLUPEN

selects blue pen or blue line.

BORDER

CALL BORDER

draws border around edge of mathematical space (optionally defined using CALL PSPACE).

BOX

CALL BOX(XO,XM,YO,YM)

draws rectangle.

BOXF

CALL BOXF(XO,XM,YO,YM,NCOLOR)

draws rectangle filled with ISO pattern NCOLOR.

BROKEN

CALL BROKEN(MB1,MB2,MB3,MB4)

draws subsequent lines dashed.

CIRCLE

CALL CIRCLE(RZ)

draws circle, radius RZ in terms of X variable, at current plotting position.

CIRCLF

CALL CIRCLF(RZ,NCOLOR)

draws circle, radius RZ in terms of X variable, filled with ISO pattern NCOLOR, at current plotting position.

CSPACE

CALL CSPACE(XMIN,XMAX,YMIN,YMAX)

defines physical space within which characters/symbols may appear. N.B: this routine is temporarily inactive.

CTRMAG

CALL CTRMAG(IMAG)

defines character/symbol size (default IMAG = 20).

CTROBL

CALL CTROBL(RT)

sets relative aspect ratio of characters (default RT = 1.).

CTRSET

CALL CTRSET(ISET)

selects character/symbol set (default ISET = 2).

CURSOR

CALL CURSOR

selects cursor.

CURVEO

CALL CURVEO(XA,YA,NP1,NP2)

joins series of coördinate points (XA(NP1), YA(NP1)) ... (XA(NP2), YA(NP2)).

ELLPSE

CALL ELLPSE(AE,BE)

draws ellipse, with semi-major axes AE and BE (in terms of X and Y variables respectively), at current plotting position.

ELLPSF

CALL ELLPSF(AE,BE,NCOLOR)

draws ellipse, with semi-major axes AE and BE (in terms of X and Y variables respectively), filled with ISO pattern NCOLOR, at current plotting position.

FRAME

CALL FRAME

selects new page or clears screen.

FULL

CALL FULL

cancels BROKEN.

GPSTOP

CALL GPSTOP(IFR)

sets maximum number of frames allowed (default is 999).

GRAPH

CALL GRAPH(XO,XM,YO,YM,CX,CY)

draws annotated axes with borders on new page, setting up mathematical space (for existing page, use GRAPH2).

GRAPH2

CALL GRAPH2(XO,XM,YO,YM,CX,CY)

draws annotated axes with borders on existing page, setting up mathematical space (for new page, use GRAPH).

GRAPHE

CALL GRAPHE(XO,XM,YO,YM,CX,CY)

draws horizontally-annotated axes with borders on new page, setting up mathematical space (for existing page, use GRAPHE2).

GRAPHE2

CALL GRAPHE2(XO,XM,YO,YM,CX,CY)

draws horizontally-annotated axes with borders on existing page, setting up mathematical space (for new page, use GRAPHE).

GREND

CALL GREND

ends plotting (not necessary if XDEATH used).

GRNPEN

CALL GRNPEN

selects green pen or green line.

HRDCHR

CALL HRDCHR(IHSET)

switches between 'hard' and 'soft' character/symbol set.

JOIN

CALL JOIN(XP,YP)

draws line from current plotting position to (XP, YP), which becomes current plotting position.

KOLOR

CALL KOLOR(NCOLOR)

selects ISO pattern to fill rectangles, circles and ellipses.

LINE

CALL LINE(XD,YD)

draws line from current plotting position to (XP+XD, YP+YD), which becomes current plotting position.

MAP

CALL MAP(XO,XM,YO,YM)

sets up mathematical space.

NOWIND

CALL NOWIND

cancels masking set by calls to GRAPH, WINDOW and similar.

PAINT

CALL PAINT(XP,YP,NCOLOR)

fills area containing (XP, YP) with ISO pattern NCOLOR.

PAPER

CALL PAPER(ISET)

starts plotting, selecting character/symbol set ISET.

PCSCEN

CALL PCSCEN(XP,YP,CW)

writes centred character string CW at (XP, YP).

PLOTCS

CALL PLOTCS(XP,YP,CW)

writes character string CW ranged left at (XP, YP).

PLOTNC

CALL PLOTNC(XP,YP,NC)

draws character/symbol no. NC at (XP, YP), which becomes current plotting position.

PLOTNF

CALL PLOTNF(XP,YP,ANO,NDP)

writes centred floating-point number ANO, with NDP decimal places, at (XP, YP).

PLOTNI

CALL PLOTNI(XP,YP,INO)

writes centred integer INO at (XP, YP).

POINT

CALL POINT(CW)

replaces dots (.) in string CW by decimal point codes (·) for hard character set.

POSITN

CALL POSITN(XP,YP)

defines current plotting position.

PSPACE

CALL PSPACE(XMIN,XMAX,YMIN,YMAX)

defines physical space onto which mathematical space is mapped (default is XMIN = YMIN = .1; XMAX = YMAX = .95).

PTPLOT

CALL PTPLOT(XA,YA,NP1,NP2,NC)

plots series of coördinate points (XA(NP1), YA(NP1)) ... (XA(NP2), YA(NP2)) as optional characters/symbols no. NC (if non-zero), with or without connecting lines (NC negative or positive respectively).

PWRITE

CALL PWRITE(XP,YP,ANG,CW)

writes character string CW ranged left at (XP, YP).

PWRITE2

CALL PWRITE2(XP,YP,ANG,CW)

writes centred character string CW at (XP, YP).

PWRITE3

CALL PWRITE3(XP,YP,ANG,CW)

writes character string CW ranged right at (XP, YP).

PWRITE11

CALL PWRITE11(XP,YF,ANG,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW ranged left at (XP, YP+YF).

PWRITE12

CALL PWRITE12(XP,YF,ANG,CW)

writes 'follow-on' centred character string CW at (XP, YP+YF).

PWRITE13

CALL PWRITE13(XP,YF,ANG,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW ranged right at (XP, YP+YF).

REDPEN

CALL REDPEN

selects red pen or red line.

REDRAW

CALL REDRAW

selects new page or clears screen and draws annotated axes, previously defined using CALL GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2or MAP, with borders.

RGB

CALL RGB(RED,GREEN,BLUE)

selects RGB drawing colour (each component ranges from 0. to 1.).

RGBFILL

CALL RGBFILL(RED,GREEN,BLUE)

selects RGB fill colour (each component ranges from 0. to 1.).

ROTATE

CALL ROTATE(ANG)

rotates field about current plotting position (e.g. before drawing character/symbol or ellipse).

SCALES

CALL SCALES

draws axes previously defined usingCALL GRAPH,GRAPH2,GRAPHE,GRAPHE2orMAP, around mathematical space.

THICK

CALL THICK(NT)

selects line thickness.

VERBAL

CALL VERBAL(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL, final line ranged left.

VERBAL2

CALL VERBAL2(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL, final line centred.

VERBAL3

CALL VERBAL3(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL, final line ranged right.

VERBAL4

CALL VERBAL4(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph ranged left between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL.

VERBAL5

CALL VERBAL5(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph ranged right between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL, first line ranged left.

VERBAL6

CALL VERBAL6(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph centred between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL.

VERBAL7

CALL VERBAL7(XP,XL,XR,YP,YL,CW)

writes character string CW as paragraph ranged right between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP), with line increment YL.

VERBAL11

CALL VERBAL11(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL, final line ranged left.

VERBAL12

CALL VERBAL12(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL, final line centred.

VERBAL13

CALL VERBAL13(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph justified between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL, final line ranged right.

VERBAL14

CALL VERBAL14(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph ranged left between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL.

VERBAL15

CALL VERBAL15(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph ranged right between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL, first line ranged left.

VERBAL16

CALL VERBAL16(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph centred between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL.

VERBAL17

CALL VERBAL17(XP,XL,XR,YF,YL,CW)

writes 'follow-on' character string CW as paragraph ranged right between XL and XR, starting at (XP, YP+YF), with line increment YL.

WINDOW

CALL WINDOW(XO,XM,YO,YM)

defines space outside which all graphics are masked.

WITPEN

CALL WITPEN

selects white pen or black line.

XAXIS

CALL XAXIS(CX)

draws X axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible.

XAXISI

CALL XAXISI(XD,CX)

draws X axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible, with increments XD.

YAXIS

CALL YAXIS(CY)

draws Y axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible.

YAXISI

CALL YAXISI(YD,CY)

draws Y axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible, with increments YD.

YAXISE

CALL YAXISE(CY)

draws horizontally-annotated Y axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible.

YAXISEI

CALL YAXISEI(YD,CY)

draws horizontally-annotated Y axis previously defined using GRAPH, GRAPH2, GRAPHE, GRAPHE2 or MAP, passing through origin if possible, with increments YD.

Character sets and fonts

Below is a list of links to images of the various character sets and other items; the file sizes and types are indicated.

Soft graphics (all printers):

Standard fonts [25 kb GIF]
All characters (Hershey sequence):

Frame 1 [21 kb GIF]
Frame 2 [22 kb GIF]
Frame 3 [24 kb GIF]
Frame 4 [24 kb GIF]
Frame 5 [15 kb GIF]

Old character set number 1 (Ghost sequence) [18 kb GIF]

Canon LBP-8II laser printer:

Standard fonts:

Frame 1 [70 kb JPEG - temporary file]
Frame 2 [64 kb JPEG]

IBM characters (no prefix) [100kb JPEG]
ISO patterns [178 kb JPEG - temporary file]

PostScript printers:

Standard fonts [194 kb JPEG]
IBM characters in Canon LBP-8II sequence (no prefix) [14 kb GIF]
Symbol characters (prefix \g) [12 kb GIF]
Zapf Dingbats characters (prefix \x) [13 kb GIF]
StandardEncoding characters (prefix \y) [12 kb GIF]
ISOLatin1Encoding characters (prefix \z) [13 kb GIF]

Function keys

<F17>

shows a 'cookie fortune' (equivalent to COOKIE).

<F18>

displays a line of random digits (equivalent to LARA -1).

<F19>

hides next command from recall (equivalent to PP).

<F20>

blanks screen.

Notes concerning character strings

Titles and messages given to commands should be preceded by inverted commas (") to ensure that lower-case letters and included spaces are treated correctly.
A dot (.) signifies a null parameter for a command.
There are special 'escape sequences', preceded by a backslash (\), for use in character strings to be plotted:

\\	write backslash (\)
\(#)	write character/symbol no. # (brackets optional)
\[#]	select character/symbol set no. # (closing bracket optional)
\b	backspace
\d	move down (subscript)
\g	write Greek equivalent of next letter
\n	return to baseline
\u	move up (superscript)
\*	separator between left-, centred and right-ranged portions of titles and axis annotations (left\right; left\centre\*right)
\@	separator between columns

There are special 'escape sequences', preceded by a backslash (\), for use in character strings to be laser printed (some will also work on advanced video terminals):

\\	write backslash (\)
\(#)	write IBM character/symbol no. # (brackets optional)
\_	select underlined writing
\=	select double-underlined writing
\{	top left corner of box
\}	bottom right corner of box
\<	begin optionally-invisible section
\>	end optionally-invisible section
\\|(#)	write box-drawing equivalent of next letter
\b	backspace
\d	select subscript writing
\f	select shaded/flashing writing
\g(#)	write Greek/Symbol equivalent of next letter
\h	select heavy writing
\i	select italic writing
\l	select large writing
\n	return to normal writing
\r	select reverse writing
\s	select small writing
\t	select tall writing
\u	select superscript writing
\w	select wide writing
\x(#)	write ZapfDingbats equivalent of next letter
\y(#)	write StandardEncoding equivalent of next letter
\z(#)	write ISOLatin1Encoding equivalent of next letter

Additional special-purpose 'escape sequences', preceded by a backslash (\), for use by LABELS:

\c	centre line
\e	range right

Programming

Skeleton of typical program in 'house style':

      PROGRAM SKELETON
! updated to DD-MMM-YYYY

C-lines reserved for Microsoft FORTRAN

C USE MSFLIB

Microsoft FORTRAN demands declaration of external LOGICAL functions

LOGICAL LSKULL

D-lines reserved for VAX FORTRAN

D LOGICAL LDEB

Declare variables if required

CHARACTER*... CH,CP(4)
CHARACTER*1 CB/' '/

Set condition handler

D     EXTERNAL DEADH
D     IF (.NOT.LDEB(0)) CALL LIB$ESTABLISH(XDEADH)

Set various internal and external variables, get command line

      CALL XSTART(CH)

Read command line if required

      IF (INDEX(CH,'?').NE.0) THEN

Give summary of parameters and exit

        CALL OUTMUB('1: ... ...')
        CALL OUTMUB('2: ... ...')
        ...
        CALL XDEATH('Completed.')
      ENDIF

Parse command line if required

      CALL STRING(CH,CP,4,K)
      ...
      I=IDEC(CP(3))
      ...

Open input and output files if required

      IF (.NOT.LSKULL(5,'...')) THEN
      ELSE IF (LSKULL(-7,'...')) THEN

Execute program

        ...
        ...

Successful exit

999     CALL XDEATH('Completed.')
      ENDIF

Error exit

998   CALL XDEATH('Abandoned.')
      END

Brief instructions

Read in tape from measuring system or detector:

from PDS microdensitometer:

INTAPE

from APM in microdensitometer mode:

RUSTUM

from COSMOS in mapping mode:

COSMOS

from Cambridge CCD:

SOHRAB
(REGGAE)

from UCL CCD:

INTAPE
MARVIN (for dark-current frame)
MARVIN (for preflash frame)
MARVIN (for flat-field frame)
MARVIN
(REGGAE)

Obtain and examine calibration patches:

from sensitometer spots:

CYBELE
from KPNO wedges:
AAARGH
CYBELE

from 7-step wedges:

CYBELE/AAARGH
CYBELE

Obtain characteristic curve:

FLAASH

Examine sky field:

AAARGH
(CHERYL)

Obtain polynomial representing exposure due to sky background:

(CHERYL)
CYBELE
(BLONDE)

Translate density grid into intensities:

GAGOOL

Examine grid on ARGS display:

AAARGH

Excise and examine images of standard objects:

SCHIZO
GENIUS
VELVET/TV

Obtain radial intensity distributions, whence zero point of magnitude scale:

KRUNCH

(Optionally) smooth intensity grid:

JARAMA

(Optionally) shift, rotate and stack separate intensity grids:

FAAARN
SPLODE

Reduce grid to obtain image profiles, magnitudes etc:

LLLION/GENIUS

Obtain contour maps of sky field:

CHESSS
PURPLE
(FRIGHT)

Examine image data:

TIGGER
POLICE
(TVIDEO)

(Optionally) obtain star template:

STAAAR

(Optionally) sort image data:

(AAAARK)
TIGGER
(TERROR)

(Optionally) form image colours:

KOLORE
CHROMA

Obtain tabulated results:

FINALE